When percolating.
滲流時(shí)。

When hydraulic dam and steel gate are holding back water, there will be a difference in the water level of the upstream and downstream. Under this action, seepage will occur at the joint of the sluice gate, the sluice base and the two sides.
液壓壩、鋼閘門在進(jìn)行擋水時(shí)，就會造成上下游水位出現(xiàn)差值，在這種作用下，就會在水閘、閘基與兩岸的連接處出現(xiàn)滲流的現(xiàn)象。

If there is seepage, it will produce upward lifting pressure at the bottom of the steel gate, which will narrow the gravity action of the gate, so that the anti-sliding stability of the gate is greatly reduced.
如果出現(xiàn)滲流，就會在鋼閘門的底部產(chǎn)生向上的揚(yáng)壓力，這就會縮小水閘的重力作用，從而使水閘的抗滑穩(wěn)定性大大降低。

If the banks and the base of the gate are soil, the seepage will also take away some fine particles, which will appear behind the gate sand drum water phenomenon.
如果兩岸和閘基都是采用土基，再出現(xiàn)滲流時(shí)也會帶走些細(xì)顆粒，這就會在閘后出現(xiàn)翻砂鼓水的現(xiàn)象。

In severe cases, it will hollow out the banks and the base of the gates.
如果嚴(yán)重的話還會掏空兩岸和閘基。

In addition, if there is lateral penetration, it will produce horizontal pressure, which will have a great impact on the connected buildings on both sides, and its stability will be greatly reduced.
另外，如果出現(xiàn)側(cè)向滲透，會產(chǎn)生水平的壓力，對兩岸的連接建筑物都會有很大影響，使其穩(wěn)定性大大下降。

It may also lead to the phenomenon of infiltration on the bank slope, thereby increasing the osmotic pressure at the bottom of the gate.
還有可能導(dǎo)致岸坡上出現(xiàn)滲透現(xiàn)象，從而加大閘底的滲透壓力。

If the seepage water is too large, it will also affect the water retaining function of the steel gate and hinder water storage.
如果滲流水量過大，還會對鋼閘門的擋水功能產(chǎn)生影響，妨礙蓄水。

3. When scouring.
3.沖刷時(shí)。

In the opening of the sluice discharge, if the hydraulic dam, steel gate downstream water level is very shallow or there is no water, under the action of the water level difference, it will increase the flow rate of water, this huge energy will have serious erosion downstream.
在開閘泄水時(shí)，如果液壓壩、鋼閘門下游水位很淺或者是沒有水，在水位差的作用下，就會加大水流的流速，這種巨大的能量會對下游有嚴(yán)重的沖刷。

If the area of erosion is too large, it will hollow out the lock base and cause the lock to crash.
沖刷的范圍過大，就會掏空閘基，造成水閘失事。

In addition, the two sides of the lock are weak rock or soil layer, if the construction of hydraulic dam opened too many gates, open a gate will form a flood, which will seriously wash the downstream river bank, the safety and stability of the lock will have an impact
另外，在水閘的兩岸都是軟弱的巖層或者是土層，如果修建液壓壩時(shí)開設(shè)過多的閘孔，開啟某個(gè)閘孔就會形成折沖水流，這就會嚴(yán)重沖刷下游河岸，對水閘的安全和穩(wěn)定性都會產(chǎn)生影響